\section{Research Gap}
The literature presented in the previous sections shows that significant work has been carried out on BLDC motor control strategies, especially for torque ripple reduction, efficiency improvement, and dynamic performance optimisation. Open-source projects such as VESC also provide high-performance and flexible solutions for electric mobility systems.

However, most existing works mainly focus on control performance and do not consider low-tech constraints such as local manufacturing, hardware repairability, or component accessibility. In many existing controllers, the hardware design remains difficult to reproduce or repair without specialized equipment or advanced electronic knowledge.

In addition, the integration of wireless communication introduces new security concerns. While BLE connectivity simplifies configuration and monitoring, unauthorized access to controller parameters could create safety risks, especially for electric cargo bikes operating in public spaces.

To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no open-source motor controller that simultaneously addresses high-performance control, local manufacturability, repairability, and BLE security for decentralized cargo bike applications.

This project therefore aims to explore a modular and repair-oriented motor controller architecture compatible with VESC while remaining adapted to the constraints of the Manufacture Autonome Décentralisée (MAD).

