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ajout de sources 2026-05-15 00:27:35 +02:00
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le truc que t'a changé 2026-05-15 00:11:46 +02:00
6 changed files with 86 additions and 92 deletions

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@ -261,27 +261,6 @@ In order to minimise the torque ripple by control laws, simulation models under
note = {original-date: 2024-12-03T21:35:41Z},
}
@phdthesis{gasc_conception_2004,
type = {Theses},
title = {Conception d'un actionneur à aimants permanents à faibles ondulations de couple pour assistance de direction automobile},
url = {https://hal.science/tel-04297384},
abstract = {This study relates to the design of permanent magnet actuator for automotive electric steering assistance and has been supported by the CNRS and RENAULT.
The analysis of the specification schedule for automotive electric power steering reveals the need of a very low motor torque ripple. The minimisation of the torque ripple is treated according two ways : a first action consists in optimising the motor design and a second one in compensating the torque ripple by a control law.
Concerning the design, a study of the mechanical system links the torque sensor stiffness, integrated into the steering column, to the motor inertia brought back to the steering wheel. The low inertia and the high ambient temperature constitute strong constraints of design for a given size. Increasing the shaft stiffness reduces the constraints of design. Analytical electromagnetic and thermal models have been coupled and exploited according to a methodology defined by the specificity of the problem. Finite Element Analysis FLUX2D™ is used so as to validate the analytical design and to study torque ripple techniques. A solution based on a structure with a fractional slot number and an original winding is proposed. The realisation and the tests of a prototype have validated some aspects of the design.
In order to minimise the torque ripple by control laws, simulation models under Simulink were developed. They integrate the torque ripple which has been determined by Finite Element Analysis. Several observer structures taking into account the torque ripple are presented and compared. An original structure based on a Kalmans filter coupled to a load torque observer based on Luenbergers theory is updated. This structure enables to manage the control without position encoder while strongly reducing the torque ripple. A state feedback structure and a RST controller combined with load torque compensation were implemented on an experimental set-up designed and instrumented with the aim of reproducing the system of electric power-assisted steering.},
urldate = {2026-01-02},
school = {Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse)},
author = {Gasc, Laurent},
month = nov,
year = {2004},
note = {Issue: 2004INPT043H},
keywords = {Active compensation, Automobile power steering, Compensation active, Contrôle en position, Direction assistée automobile, Finite Element Analysis, FLUX2D, Model, Modélisation, Moteur à aimants permanents, Observateur de couple, Ondulations de couple, Permanent magnet motors, Position control, Ripple torque, Torque observer},
annote = {p. 65, II - 3 TECHNIQUES DE REDUCTIONS DES ONDULATIONS DE COUPLE
choix du nombre dencoches et de pôles réduisant les ondulations
},
file = {HAL PDF Full Text:/home/wario-crocs/Zotero/storage/QQCS4KN4/Gasc - 2004 - Conception d'un actionneur à aimants permanents à faibles ondulations de couple pour assistance de d.pdf:application/pdf},
}
@misc{noauthor_cycle_nodate,
title = {Cycle {Analyst} {V3} - {Grin} {Products} - {Product} {Info}},
url = {https://ebikes.ca/product-info/grin-products/cycle-analyst-3.html},
@ -330,3 +309,15 @@ choix du nombre dencoches et de pôles réduisant les ondulations
url = {http://www.mxusebikekit.com/pro_info.asp?Pid=25},
urldate = {2026-05-14},
}
@misc{noauthor_PowerGaN_nodate,
title = {STPOWER GaN Transistors},
url = {https://www.st.com/en/power-transistors/powergan.html},
urldate = {2026-05-14},
}
@misc{noauthor_GaN-manufacturer_nodate,
title = {9 Gallium Nitride Manufacturers in 2026},
url = {https://us.metoree.com/categories/7137/,
urldate = {2026-05-14},
}

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@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ This risk could be patched by developing a VESC application for the VESC control
\subsection{VESC Compiling}
As mentioned, we have been able to compile the VESC tool and the VESC firmware. This firmware has been put onto an STM32F4xx Discovery card. This card uses the same chip as the aforementioned ``Cheap FOCer'' project. The thought was that using something with the same chip would facilitate the switch from the discovery card to a PCB with the same target.
However, this choice posed several obstacles for our progress on the topic of cybersecurity. We will nonetheless summarise what we have learned for you and propose some additional work for the future. The challenges we encountered were the following: The lack of bluetooth capabilities. We did not have a module with BLE either. We had access to a HC-05 module, but that only allows for a normal Bluetooth version 2.0 protocol and would require further work on a bridge to UART by using an esp8622 that we had as well. We propose that the next group has access to a VESC controller from the beginning, as well as a motor we could control. This could be in cooperation with the MAD, as the MAD could propose some models they're interested in.
However, this choice posed several obstacles for our progress on the topic of cybersecurity. We will nonetheless summarise what we have learned and propose some additional work for the future. The challenges we encountered were the following: The lack of bluetooth capabilities. We did not have a module with BLE either. We had access to a HC-05 module, but that only allows for a normal Bluetooth version 2.0 protocol and would require further work on a bridge to UART by using an esp8622 that we had as well. We propose that the next group has access to a VESC controller from the beginning, as well as a motor we could control. This could be in cooperation with the MAD, as the MAD could propose some models they're interested in.
We also found that the information on the VESC is scattered around the internet. The resources is also sometimes based on a Debian-based Linux system which adds more work for someone using another distribution of Linux. This could hinder the implementation facility for new users. We struggled particularly with the Qt packages for positioning and game pad. We would therefore recommend the use of a Debian-based Linux system for the computer working with the VESC for the MAD associates.

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@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ The most challenging part of this section is the replacement of semiconductor pa
\item AIME (Atelier Interuniversitaire de Micro-nano Électronique) on-campus at INSA Toulouse
\end{enumerate}
ST Microelectronics at Labège designs and manufactures gallium nitride transistors under the commercial designation STPOWER PowerGaN, this confirmed by a colleague who visited the plant and engineering teams in late 2022, Etienne Gadefait. Gallium nitride transistors are great for high speed power electronics % ref https://www.st.com/en/power-transistors/powergan.html
but this is a very recent technology, and none of the big material players in GaN are European, let alone French or Occitanian (US, China, Japan and India are predominant). % ref https://us.metoree.com/categories/7137/
Because of this and very high costs, we chose to consider this a supply chain-constrained technology, which could not be relied on in a non-global future, and we moved on to other options.
ST Microelectronics at Labège designs and manufactures gallium nitride transistors under the commercial designation STPOWER PowerGaN, this confirmed by a colleague who visited the plant and engineering teams in late 2022, Etienne Gadefait. Gallium nitride transistors are great for high speed power electronics \cite{noauthor_PowerGaN_nodate} but this is a very recent technology, and none of the big material players in GaN are European, let alone French or Occitanian (US, China, Japan and India are predominant)\cite{noauthor_GaN-manufacturer_nodate}. Because of this and very high costs, we chose to consider this a supply chain-constrained technology, which could not be relied on in a non-global future, and we moved on to other options.
The LAAS semiconductor lab was deemed less reachable and more technologically advanced than the AIME semiconductor lab, as we were told they mostly did research on carbon nanotubes and other fancy semiconductor materials. We therefore chose not to contact the LAAS, and

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@ -89,6 +89,42 @@ B.~Lee and M.~Ehsani, ``Advanced {BLDC} motor drive for low cost and high
\url{http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/939307/}
\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing
\bibitem{noauthor_ddf-39_nodate}
\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing
``{DDF}-39 {1000W}.'' [Online]. Available:
\url{http://www.mxusebikekit.com/pro_info.asp?Pid=25}
\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing
\bibitem{noauthor_PowerGaN_nodate}
\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing
``Stpower gan transistors.'' [Online]. Available:
\url{https://www.st.com/en/power-transistors/powergan.html}
\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing
\bibitem{noauthor_GaN-manufacturer_nodate}
``9 gallium nitride manufacturers in 2026.''
\bibitem{shamansystems_cheap-focer-2firmware_nodate}
\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing
{shamansystems}, ``\BIBforeignlanguage{en}{Cheap-focer-2/firmware at master ·
shamansystems/cheap-focer-2}.'' [Online]. Available:
\url{https://github.com/shamansystems/Cheap-FOCer-2/tree/master/firmware}
\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing
\bibitem{noauthor_darkflippersunleashed-firmware_2026}
\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing
``{DarkFlippers}/unleashed-firmware,'' May 2026, original-date:
2022-03-16T12:46:45Z. [Online]. Available:
\url{https://github.com/DarkFlippers/unleashed-firmware}
\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing
\bibitem{cirlig_huuckflipperzeronrfjammer_2026}
\BIBentryALTinterwordspacing
G.~Cirlig, ``huuck/{FlipperZeroNRFJammer},'' May 2026, original-date:
2024-12-03T21:35:41Z. [Online]. Available:
\url{https://github.com/huuck/FlipperZeroNRFJammer}
\BIBentrySTDinterwordspacing
\bibitem{b1}
B.~Vedder, ``Vesc bldc motor control firmware,''
\url{https://github.com/vedderb/bldc/}, 2024.
@ -97,40 +133,4 @@ B.~Vedder, ``Vesc bldc motor control firmware,''
------, ``lispbm in vesc,''
\url{https://github.com/vedderb/bldc/tree/master/lispBM}, 2024.
\bibitem{shamansystems_cheap-focer-2firmware_nodate}
shamansystems, ``Cheap FOCer project,''
\url{https://github.com/shamansystems/Cheap-FOCer-2}, 2026.
\bibitem{noauthor_darkflippersunleashed-firmware_2026}
Unleashed Firmware Team, ``unleashed-firmware,''
\url{https://github.com/DarkFlippers/unleashed-firmware}, 2026.
\bibitem{cirlig_huuckflipperzeronrfjammer_2026}
Cirlig, Gabriel, ``FlipperZeroNRFJammer,''
\url{https://github.com/huuck/FlipperZeroNRFJammer}, 2026.
\bibitem{gasc_conception_2004}
Gasc, Laurent, ``Conception d'un actionneur à aimants permanents à faibles ondulations de couple pour assistance de direction automobile,''
\url{https://hal.science/tel-04297384}, 2004.
\bibitem{noauthor_cycle_nodate}
ebikes.ca, ``Cycle {Analyst} {V3} - {Grin} {Products} - {Product} {Info},''
\url{https://ebikes.ca/product-info/grin-products/cycle-analyst-3.html}, 2026.
\bibitem{noauthor_charrette_nodate}
sufni, ``La {Charrette} version montagne ou comment transporter 250kg à vélo par monts et par vaux !,'' \url{https://veloma.org/2022/10/05/la-charrette-version-montagne-ou-comment-transporter-250kg-a-velo-par-monts-et-par-vaux/}, 2026.
\bibitem{noauthor_tv1860-3r0107-r_nodate}
Eaton, Supercondensateur Eaton, 100 \textmu F TV -10 to 30 \% 0.011\textohm, 3V c.c., Traversant,
\url{https://fr.rs-online.com/web/p/supercondensateurs/1351097}, 2026.
\bibitem{noauthor_green_nodate}
Green Cell, ``Green Cell Batterie Vélo Electrique 48V 14.5Ah 696Wh Down Tube Ebike EC5 pour Samebike, Ancheer avec Chargeur,''
\url{https://batteryempire.fr/batteries-pour-velo-electrique/4916-green-cell-batterie-velo-electrique-48v-145ah-696wh-down-tube-ebike-ec5-pour-samebike-ancheer-avec-chargeur.html}, 2026.
\bibitem{noauthor_ddf-39_nodate}
Mxus, ``{DDF}-39 {1000W},''
\url{http://www.mxusebikekit.com/pro_info.asp?Pid=25}, 2026.
\end{thebibliography}

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@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
This is BibTeX, Version 0.99d (TeX Live 2022/dev/Debian)
This is BibTeX, Version 0.99d (TeX Live 2023)
Capacity: max_strings=200000, hash_size=200000, hash_prime=170003
The top-level auxiliary file: main.aux
The style file: IEEEtran.bst
@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ Reallocated singl_function (elt_size=4) to 100 items from 50.
Database file #1: PIR_MadMax3.bib
Warning--entry type for "gasc_conception_2004" isn't style-file defined
--line 341 of file PIR_MadMax3.bib
Illegal end of database file---line 646 of file PIR_MadMax3.bib
:
:
(Error may have been on previous line)
I'm skipping whatever remains of this entry
-- IEEEtran.bst version 1.14 (2015/08/26) by Michael Shell.
-- http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/bibtex/
-- See the "IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf" manual for usage information.
@ -23,45 +28,45 @@ Warning--empty year in jomsa-nga_torque_2024
Warning--empty year in lee_advanced_2001
Done.
You've used 10 entries,
You've used 16 entries,
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878 strings with 9760 characters,
and the built_in function-call counts, 6856 in all, are:
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(There was 1 error message)

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