diff --git a/Article_Scientifique/main.aux b/Article_Scientifique/main.aux index 7bb7d43..7362573 100644 --- a/Article_Scientifique/main.aux +++ b/Article_Scientifique/main.aux @@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {\mbox {II-D}4}Dynamic Response}{2}{subsubsection.2.4.4}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {III}Research gap}{2}{section.3}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {IV}Aim and Research Objectives}{2}{section.4}\protected@file@percent } -\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {V}Hardware-Based Six-Step Commutation Controller}{2}{section.5}\protected@file@percent } -\newlabel{sec:sixstep}{{V}{2}{Hardware-Based Six-Step Commutation Controller}{section.5}{}} -\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {VI}STM32-Based Field-Oriented Control Motor Drive}{2}{section.6}\protected@file@percent } -\newlabel{sec:foc}{{VI}{2}{STM32-Based Field-Oriented Control Motor Drive}{section.6}{}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {V}Hardware-Based Six-Step Commutation Controller}{3}{section.5}\protected@file@percent } +\newlabel{sec:sixstep}{{V}{3}{Hardware-Based Six-Step Commutation Controller}{section.5}{}} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {VI}STM32-Based Field-Oriented Control Motor Drive}{3}{section.6}\protected@file@percent } +\newlabel{sec:foc}{{VI}{3}{STM32-Based Field-Oriented Control Motor Drive}{section.6}{}} \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {VI-A}}Choice of FOC Over Trapezoidal Commutation}{3}{subsection.6.1}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {I}{\ignorespaces Comparison between FOC and trapezoidal (six-step) commutation}}{3}{table.1}\protected@file@percent } \newlabel{tab:foc_vs_trap}{{I}{3}{Comparison between FOC and trapezoidal (six-step) commutation}{table.1}{}} @@ -58,10 +58,10 @@ \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {VI-C}}Integration of the Rocacher FOC Tile}{3}{subsection.6.3}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {VI-D}}Pin Compatibility Verification: L476 vs F405}{3}{subsection.6.4}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {VI-E}}Schematic Design and KiCad Implementation}{3}{subsection.6.5}\protected@file@percent } -\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {VI-F}}Routing Challenges and Current Status}{3}{subsection.6.6}\protected@file@percent } \citation{b1} \citation{b1} \citation{b2} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {VI-F}}Routing Challenges and Current Status}{4}{subsection.6.6}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {VII}Software and Connectivity}{4}{section.7}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {VII-A}}BLE Compatibility With the VESC}{4}{subsection.7.1}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\numberline {\mbox {VII-A}1}First Experiment}{4}{subsubsection.7.1.1}\protected@file@percent } @@ -102,7 +102,6 @@ \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {XI}Perspectives and Future Work}{7}{section.11}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {XI-A}}Hardware Completion and Testing}{7}{subsection.11.1}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {\mbox {XI-B}}Control Strategy Enhancement}{7}{subsection.11.2}\protected@file@percent } -\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {XII}Conclusion/Summary}{7}{section.12}\protected@file@percent } \bibstyle{IEEEtran} \bibdata{PIR_MadMax3} \bibcite{patil_analysis_2025}{1} @@ -115,5 +114,6 @@ \bibcite{lee_advanced_2001}{8} \bibcite{b1}{9} \bibcite{b2}{10} +\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {XII}Conclusion/Summary}{8}{section.12}\protected@file@percent } \@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{References}{8}{section*.3}\protected@file@percent } \gdef \@abspage@last{8} diff --git a/Article_Scientifique/main.log b/Article_Scientifique/main.log index 324e953..70a24ad 100644 --- a/Article_Scientifique/main.log +++ b/Article_Scientifique/main.log @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -This is pdfTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-1.40.22 (TeX Live 2022/dev/Debian) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2026.3.16) 14 MAY 2026 15:41 +This is pdfTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-1.40.22 (TeX Live 2022/dev/Debian) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2026.3.16) 14 MAY 2026 16:13 entering extended mode restricted \write18 enabled. %&-line parsing enabled. @@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ File: umsb.fd 2013/01/14 v3.01 AMS symbols B ] [2] [3] -Underfull \hbox (badness 1509) in paragraph at lines 432--439 +Underfull \hbox (badness 1509) in paragraph at lines 448--455 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/10 However, this choice posed sev-eral ob-sta-cles for our [] @@ -560,31 +560,28 @@ Underfull \hbox (badness 1509) in paragraph at lines 432--439 <./Figures/sys_dyn_matlab.png, id=265, 430.2474pt x 226.6869pt> File: ./Figures/sys_dyn_matlab.png Graphic file (type png) -Package pdftex.def Info: ./Figures/sys_dyn_matlab.png used on input line 520. +Package pdftex.def Info: ./Figures/sys_dyn_matlab.png used on input line 536. (pdftex.def) Requested size: 252.0pt x 132.77559pt. [5 <./Figures/sys_dyn_matlab.png>] <./Figures/Schema_Autom_PIR.pdf, id=276, 610.21573pt x 143.36761pt> File: ./Figures/Schema_Autom_PIR.pdf Graphic file (type pdf) -Package pdftex.def Info: ./Figures/Schema_Autom_PIR.pdf used on input line 557 +Package pdftex.def Info: ./Figures/Schema_Autom_PIR.pdf used on input line 573 . (pdftex.def) Requested size: 252.0pt x 59.20549pt. <./Figures/error_fig.png, id=281, 509.7444pt x 328.5876pt> File: ./Figures/error_fig.png Graphic file (type png) -Package pdftex.def Info: ./Figures/error_fig.png used on input line 623. +Package pdftex.def Info: ./Figures/error_fig.png used on input line 639. (pdftex.def) Requested size: 252.0pt x 162.44328pt. -<./Figures/Motor_currents.pdf, id=283, 501.875pt x 329.23pt> + [6 <./Figures/Schema_Autom_PIR.pdf> <./Figures/error_fig.png (PNG copy)>] +<./Figures/Motor_currents.pdf, id=335, 501.875pt x 329.23pt> File: ./Figures/Motor_currents.pdf Graphic file (type pdf) -Package pdftex.def Info: ./Figures/Motor_currents.pdf used on input line 645. +Package pdftex.def Info: ./Figures/Motor_currents.pdf used on input line 661. (pdftex.def) Requested size: 252.0pt x 165.31287pt. - - -LaTeX Warning: `!h' float specifier changed to `!ht'. - -[6 <./Figures/Schema_Autom_PIR.pdf> <./Figures/error_fig.png (PNG copy)>] -[7 <./Figures/Motor_currents.pdf>] (./main.bbl + [7 <./Figures/Motor_currents.pdf>] +(./main.bbl Underfull \hbox (badness 1490) in paragraph at lines 97--99 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/8 ------, ``lispbm in vesc,'' []$https : / / github . com / vedd erb / bldc / tree / master / @@ -602,9 +599,7 @@ Before submitting the final camera ready copy, remember to: uses only Type 1 fonts and that every step in the generation process uses the appropriate paper size. -[8 - -] (./main.aux) +[8] (./main.aux) LaTeX Warning: There were multiply-defined labels. @@ -618,7 +613,7 @@ Here is how much of TeX's memory you used: 32864 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000 508470 words of font info for 101 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000 1141 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191 - 70i,10n,79p,470b,830s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s + 70i,10n,79p,470b,828s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s {/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/fonts/enc/dvips/base/8r.enc} -Output written on main.pdf (8 pages, 677088 bytes). +Output written on main.pdf (8 pages, 678057 bytes). PDF statistics: 459 PDF objects out of 1000 (max. 8388607) 396 compressed objects within 4 object streams diff --git a/Article_Scientifique/main.pdf b/Article_Scientifique/main.pdf index 0fe4cf3..0f091c5 100644 Binary files a/Article_Scientifique/main.pdf and b/Article_Scientifique/main.pdf differ diff --git a/Article_Scientifique/main.tex b/Article_Scientifique/main.tex index 6518155..b5c028f 100644 --- a/Article_Scientifique/main.tex +++ b/Article_Scientifique/main.tex @@ -180,10 +180,26 @@ FOC provides faster response times and better load disturbance rejection \cite{j \section{Research gap} -Despite this progress, limited research has examined the adaptation of open-source motor controllers to LowTech and -repairability constraints. To date, researchers have not addressed the challenge of designing a controller that can -be locally fabricated, repaired with standard components, and secured against unauthorised wireless access requirements -that are critical for decentralised, community-operated fleets. + +The literature presented in the previous sections shows that significant work has been carried out on BLDC +motor control strategies, especially for torque ripple reduction, efficiency improvement, and dynamic performance +optimisation. Open-source projects such as VESC also provide high-performance and flexible solutions for electric +mobility systems. + +However, most existing works mainly focus on control performance and do not consider low-tech constraints such as +local manufacturing, hardware repairability, or component accessibility. In many existing controllers, the hardware +design remains difficult to reproduce or repair without specialized equipment or advanced electronic knowledge. + +In addition, the integration of wireless communication introduces new security concerns. While BLE connectivity +simplifies configuration and monitoring, unauthorized access to controller parameters could create safety risks, +especially for electric cargo bikes operating in public spaces. + +To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no open-source motor controller that simultaneously addresses +high-performance control, local manufacturability, repairability, and BLE security for decentralized cargo bike +applications. + +This project therefore aims to explore a modular and repair-oriented motor controller architecture compatible +with VESC while remaining adapted to the constraints of the Manufacture Autonome Décentralisée (MAD). \section{Aim and Research Objectives}